First direct search for light dark matter interactions in a transition-edge sensor

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel use of transition-edge sensors (TES) as both target and detector for direct light dark matter searches, demonstrating their potential to explore new parameter space for sub-MeV dark matter.

Contribution

It presents the first experimental search using TES detectors for light dark matter, establishing new limits and highlighting future prospects for TES arrays in this field.

Findings

Set new limits on dark matter-electron and dark matter-nucleon interactions for sub-MeV masses.

Performed a 489-hour search with a TES detector optimized for 1064 nm photons.

Showed that next-generation TES arrays can explore new dark matter parameter space.

Abstract

We propose the use of transition-edge sensor (TES) single-photon detectors as a simultaneous target and sensor for direct dark matter searches, and report results from the first search of this kind. We perform a 489 h science run with a TES device optimized for the detection of 1064 nm photons, with a mass of ~0.2 ng and an energy threshold of ~0.3 eV, and set new limits on dark matter interactions with both electrons and nucleons for dark matter with mass below the MeV scale. With their excellent energy resolution, TESs enable search strategies that are complementary to recent results from superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors and kinetic inductance detectors. We show that next-generation TES arrays hold promise to probe new regions of light dark matter parameter space.