All Ramsey critical graphs for a large tree versus $tK_{m}$

TL;DR

This paper characterizes all Ramsey critical graphs for a large tree versus multiple disjoint cliques and determines the star-critical Ramsey number for this case, advancing understanding of graph colorings in Ramsey theory.

Contribution

It provides a complete characterization of Ramsey critical graphs for a large tree versus tK_m and computes the associated star-critical Ramsey number.

Findings

Characterization of all Ramsey critical graphs for a large tree versus tK_m.

Determination of the star-critical Ramsey number for this graph pair.

Extension of Ramsey theory results to large trees and multiple cliques.

Abstract

Let $H, H_{1}$ and $H_{2}$ be graphs, and let $H\rightarrow (H_{1}, H_{2})$ denote that any red-blue coloring of $E(H)$ yields a red copy of $H_{1}$ or a blue copy of $H_{2}$. The Ramsey number for $H_{1}$ versus $H_{2}$, $r(H_{1}, H_{2})$, is the minimum integer $N$ such that $K_{N}\rightarrow (H_{1}, H_{2})$. The Ramsey critical graph $H$ for $H_{1}$ versus $H_{2}$ is a red-blue edge-colored $K_{N- 1}$ such that $H\not\rightarrow (H_{1}, H_{2})$, where $N= r(H_{1}, H_{2})$. In this paper, we characterize all Ramsey critical graphs for a large tree versus $tK_{m}$. As a corollary, we determine the star-critical Ramsey number for a large tree versus $tK_{m}$.