Particle-in-cell simulations of plasma wakefield formation in microwave waveguides

TL;DR

This paper uses 3D particle-in-cell simulations to explore how microwave pulses can generate plasma wakefields in waveguides, offering insights into a potentially more accessible plasma acceleration method.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical foundation for microwave-driven plasma wakefield acceleration using simulations, expanding the understanding of this alternative acceleration scheme.

Findings

Microwave pulses can effectively generate plasma wakefields in waveguides.

The structure of wakefields depends on pulse parameters and waveguide geometry.

Results support feasibility of microwave-driven plasma acceleration.

Abstract

The acceleration of charged particles is fundamental not only for experimental studies in particle physics but also for applications in fields such as semiconductor manufacturing and medical therapies. However, conventional accelerators face limitations due to their large size, driven by low acceleration gradients. Plasma-based accelerators have emerged as a promising alternative, offering ultrahigh acceleration gradients, though their implementation is often limited by the need for high-intensity, femtosecond laser systems and sophisticated diagnostics. As a more accessible alternative, the use of microwave pulses to excite plasma wakefields in waveguides filled with low-density plasma has gained attention. In this study, we perform three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations to investigate the formation and structure of electrostatic wakefields driven by short microwave pulses in rectangular plasma waveguides. The results establish a theoretical basis for evaluating the feasibility and potential applications of microwave-driven plasma acceleration schemes.