Optimal Operating Strategy for PV-BESS Households: Balancing Self-Consumption and Self-Sufficiency

TL;DR

This paper develops an optimal operating strategy for household PV-BESS systems that maximizes self-consumption and self-sufficiency by analyzing their relationship and using advanced control models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel classification based on the ratio of self-sufficiency to self-consumption and proposes an optimal capacity determination method considering this ratio.

Findings

The self-sufficiency to self-consumption ratio effectively guides PV-BESS capacity planning.

Simulation results validate the proposed strategy's effectiveness in maximizing local PV utilization.

Model predictive control and reinforcement learning models improve battery scheduling efficiency.

Abstract

High penetration of Photovoltaic (PV) generation and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) in individual households increases the demand for solutions to determine the optimal PV generation power and the capacity of BESS. Self-consumption and self-sufficiency are essential for optimising the operation of PV-BESS systems in households, aiming to minimise power import from and export to the main grid. However, self-consumption and self-sufficiency are not independent; they share a linear relationship. This paper demonstrates this relationship and proposes an optimal operating strategy that considers power generation and consumption profiles to maximise self-consumption and self-sufficiency in households equipped with a PV-BESS. We classify self-consumption and self-sufficiency patterns into four categories based on the ratio of self-sufficiency to self-consumption for each household and determine the optimal PV generation and BESS capacities using both a mathematical calculation and this ratio. These optimal operation values for each category are then simulated using Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based battery charging and discharging scheduling models. The results show that the ratio between self-consumption and self-sufficiency is a useful metric for determining the optimal capacity of PV-BESS systems to maximise the local utilisation of PV-generated power.