Slow Light Augmented Fabry-Perot Cavity for Enhanced Sensitivity in Measuring Frequency Shift

TL;DR

This paper proposes a slow-light augmented Fabry-Perot cavity (SLAFPC) that significantly enhances the sensitivity of frequency shift measurements, outperforming similar unbalanced interferometers under ideal, low-loss conditions.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel slow-light augmented Fabry-Perot cavity (SLAFPC) for improved frequency shift sensitivity, demonstrating its advantages over SLAUMZI in specific conditions.

Findings

SEF of ~1.4×10^5 achievable with SLAFPC

Sensitivity enhancement depends on laser spectral width and cavity finesse

SLAFPC outperforms SLAUMZI under low-loss, high group index conditions

Abstract

Recently, it has been shown that a slow-light augmented unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (SLAUMZI) can be used to enhance significantly the sensitivity of measuring the frequency shift of a laser, compared to the conventional technique of heterodyning with a reference laser. Here, we show that a similar enhancement can be realized using a slow-light augmented Fabry-Perot Cavity (SLAFPC), due to the fact that an FPC is inherently unbalanced, since different bounces of the field traverse different path lengths before interfering with the other bounces. We show how the degree of enhancement in sensitivity depends on the spectral width of the laser and the finesse of the FPC. We also show how the sensitivity enhancement factor (SEF) for the SLAFPC is much larger than the same for the SLAUMZI for comparable conditions and the same group index, under lossless conditions. In general, the effect of the loss caused by the medium that produces the slow-light process is more prominent for the SLAFPC than the SLAUMZI. However, if the attenuation per pass can be kept low enough while producing a high group index, using cold atoms for generating the slow-light effect, for example, then the SEF for the SLAFPC can be much higher than that for the SLAUMZI. For potentially realizable conditions, we show that an SEF of ~1.4*10^5 can be achieved using a SLAFPC.