Controlled manipulation of solitons in a recirculating fiber loop using external potentials

TL;DR

This paper presents a fiber-based platform that uses external potentials created by phase modulation to precisely control soliton dynamics, enabling trapping, excitation, and interactions in a recirculating fiber loop.

Contribution

It introduces a programmable external potential method for real-time soliton manipulation in fiber loops, advancing control over nonlinear wave phenomena.

Findings

Successful soliton trapping and excitation demonstrated

Multi-soliton interactions observed and modeled

Analogies with matter-wave solitons in BECs established

Abstract

Optical solitons are self-sustained wave packets that propagate without distortion due to a balance between dispersion and nonlinearity. Their unique stability underpins key photonic applications while also playing a central role in nonlinear wave physics. However, real-time control over soliton dynamics in non-dissipative systems remains a major challenge, limiting their practical applications in photonic systems. Here, we introduce a fiber-based platform for soliton manipulation, by creating programmable external potentials through synchronous arbitrary phase modulation in a recirculating optical fiber loop. We demonstrate precise soliton trapping, parametric excitation, and coupled multi-soliton interactions, revealing particle-like behavior in excellent agreement with a Hamiltonian description in which solitons are treated as interacting classical particles. The strong analogy with matter-wave solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates highlights the broader implications of our approach, which provides a versatile experimental tool for the study of nonlinear wave dynamics and engineered soliton manipulation.