SpaceTrack-TimeSeries: Time Series Dataset towards Satellite Orbit Analysis

TL;DR

This paper introduces SpaceTrack-TimeSeries, a comprehensive dataset combining TLE and high-precision ephemeris data from Starlink satellites, to facilitate research in satellite orbit analysis, maneuver detection, and collision risk assessment.

Contribution

It provides the first publicly accessible, real-world dataset of maneuvering satellite behavior, supporting advanced analysis and modeling in space object dynamics.

Findings

Dataset enables realistic modeling of satellite maneuvers

Supports development of maneuver detection algorithms

Facilitates collision risk evaluation in congested orbit environments

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of aerospace technology and the large-scale deployment of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, the challenges facing astronomical observations and deep space exploration have become increasingly pronounced. As a result, the demand for high-precision orbital data on space objects-along with comprehensive analyses of satellite positioning, constellation configurations, and deep space satellite dynamics-has grown more urgent. However, there remains a notable lack of publicly accessible, real-world datasets to support research in areas such as space object maneuver behavior prediction and collision risk assessment. This study seeks to address this gap by collecting and curating a representative dataset of maneuvering behavior from Starlink satellites. The dataset integrates Two-Line Element (TLE) catalog data with corresponding high-precision ephemeris data, thereby enabling a more realistic and multidimensional modeling of space object behavior. It provides valuable insights into practical deployment of maneuver detection methods and the evaluation of collision risks in increasingly congested orbital environments.