Continuously trapped matter-wave interferometry in magic Floquet-Bloch band structures

TL;DR

This paper introduces a noise-tolerant trapped matter-wave interferometry platform using Floquet-engineered band structures, enabling high-precision force sensing with enhanced robustness and tunability.

Contribution

It develops a Floquet-engineered approach for trapped atom interferometry with magic band structures that are insensitive to lattice noise, advancing quantum force sensor technology.

Findings

Demonstrated Floquet-Bloch band structures with Landau-Zener beamsplitters and Bragg mirrors.

Realized magic band structures with phase insensitivity to lattice intensity noise.

Showcased tunable and robust interferometer configurations.

Abstract

Trapped matter-wave interferometry offers the promise of compact high-precision local force sensing. However, noise in the trap itself can introduce new systematic errors which are absent in traditional free-fall interferometers. We describe and demonstrate an intrinsically noise-tolerant Floquet-engineered platform for continuously trapped atom interferometry. A non-interacting degenerate quantum gas undergoes position-space Bloch oscillations through an amplitude-modulated optical lattice, whose resulting Floquet-Bloch band structure includes Landau-Zener beamsplitters and Bragg mirrors, forming the components of a Mach-Zehnder interferometric force sensor. We identify, realize, and experimentally characterize magic band structures, analogous to the magic wavelengths employed in optical lattice clocks, for which the interferometric phase is insensitive to lattice intensity noise. We leverage the intrinsic programmability of the Floquet band synthesis approach to demonstrate a variety of interferometer structures, highlighting the potential of this technique for quantum force sensors which are tunable, compact, simple, and robust.