String Matching with a Dynamic Pattern

TL;DR

This paper introduces a practical algorithm for dynamic string pattern matching that efficiently handles pattern modifications and supports various pattern operations with logarithmic update time.

Contribution

It presents a simple, practical suffix array-based algorithm for dynamic pattern matching with support for multiple pattern modifications and extensions.

Findings

Achieves O(log |T|) update time for pattern modifications

Supports substring deletion, transposition, and copying within same complexity

Extends to online text updates maintaining bounds

Abstract

In this work, we tackle a natural variation of the String Matching Problem on the case of a dynamic pattern, that is, given a static text $T$ and a pattern $P$, we want to support character additions and deletions to the pattern, and after each operation compute how many times it occurs in the text. We show a simple and practical algorithm using Suffix Arrays that achieves $\mathcal O(\log |T|)$ update time, after $\mathcal O(|T|)$ preprocess time. We show how to extend our solution to support substring deletion, transposition (moving a substring to another position of the pattern), and copy (copying a substring and pasting it in a specific position), in the same time complexities. Our solution can also be extended to support an online text (adding characters to one end of the text), maintaining the same amortized bounds.