Software Security Mapping Framework: Operationalization of Security Requirements

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive framework that operationalizes security requirements across various levels of software development, aiding organizations in implementing security standards effectively and systematically.

Contribution

It introduces a structured, goal-oriented mapping framework that links high-level security standards to detailed operational steps, supported by a web tool and machine-readable models.

Findings

Mapped 131 security requirements to 400+ operational steps

Demonstrated framework utility through Log4j vulnerability case study

Provided a machine-readable OSCAL Catalog for automation

Abstract

The escalating complexity of modern software development environments has heightened concerns around supply chain security. However, existing frameworks often fall short in translating abstract security principles into concrete, actionable practices. This paper introduces the Software Security Mapping Framework, a structured solution designed to operationalize security requirements across hierarchical levels -- from high-level regulatory standards (e.g., ISM, Australia cybersecurity standard published by the Australian Signals Directorate), through mid-level frameworks (e.g., NIST SSDF, the U.S. Secure Software Development Framework), to fine-grained technical activities (e.g., SLSA, a software supply chain security framework). Developed through collaborative research with academic experts and industry practitioners, the framework systematically maps 131 refined security requirements to over 400 actionable operational steps spanning the software development lifecycle. It is grounded in four core security goals: Secure Software Environment, Secure Software Development, Software Traceability, and Vulnerability Management. Our approach leverages the KAOS goal modeling methodology to establish traceable linkages between strategic goals and tactical operations, enhancing clarity, accountability, and practical implementation. To facilitate adoption, we provide a web-based navigation tool for interactive exploration of the framework. A real-world case study based on the Log4j vulnerability illustrates the framework's utility by generating a tailored checklist aligned with industry best practices. Additionally, we offer a structured, machine-readable OSCAL Catalog Model of the Software Security Mapping Framework, enabling organizations to automate implementation, streamline compliance processes, and respond effectively to evolving security risks.