Prospects for Time-Domain and Multi-Messenger Science with eXTP

TL;DR

The paper discusses the potential of the upcoming eXTP mission to advance time-domain and multi-messenger astrophysics by detecting and studying various extreme cosmic phenomena with enhanced capabilities.

Contribution

It introduces the scientific prospects of eXTP for multi-messenger astronomy and highlights its advantages in observing diverse high-energy astrophysical sources.

Findings

eXTP can detect gravitational-wave counterparts and gamma-ray bursts.

It will improve understanding of magnetars, FRBs, and TDEs.

The mission enhances capabilities for gravity and cosmology studies.

Abstract

In this new era of time-domain and multi-messenger astronomy, various new transients and new phenomena are constantly being discovered thanks to the rapid advances in observations, which provide the excellent opportunity to study the physics in the extreme environments. The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission (eXTP), planned to be launched in 2030, has several key advantages, including advanced polarimetry, high sensitivity & large effective area, and wide energy range coverage, which make it a groundbreaking project in high-energy astrophysics. In this article, we briefly introduce the potential time-domain and multi-messenger targets for eXTP, including gravitational-wave (GW) counterparts, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), magnetars and fast radio bursts (FRBs), tidal disruption events (TDEs), supernovae, high energy neutrinos and TeV active galactic nucleus (AGNs), and so on. We discuss the advantages of future eXTP observations for detecting these sources, their detection capabilities, the abilities to distinguish theoretical models, and their applications in gravity and cosmology.