Quantitative Hardy--Littlewood maximal inequalities and Wiener--Stein theorem on p.c.f. fractals

TL;DR

This paper extends classical harmonic analysis results, including Hardy--Littlewood maximal inequalities and Wiener's $L ext{log}L$ theorem, to fractal sets with self-similar measures, establishing new differentiation and space characterization theorems.

Contribution

It develops quantitative maximal inequalities and characterizations of Lebesgue--Choquet and Zygmund spaces on p.c.f. fractals, extending classical results to fractal geometries.

Findings

Established strong and weak type maximal inequalities on fractals.

Characterized Lebesgue--Choquet and Zygmund spaces via maximal operators.

Extended Wiener's $L ext{log}L$ inequality to fractal measures.

Abstract

Let $K\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ be a post-critically finite (p.c.f.) self-similar set with Hausdorff dimension $s$, and $\mu$ be a self-similar probability measure supported on $K$. Let $H^{\alpha}_\mu$, $0<\alpha\le s$, be the Hausdorff content on $K$, and $M_{\mathcal{D}}^\mu $ be the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator defined on $K$ associated with its basic cubes $\mathcal{D}$. In this paper, we establish quantitative strong type and weak type Hardy--Littlewood maximal inequalities on fractal set $K$ with respect to $H^{\alpha}_\mu$ for all range $0<\alpha\le s$. As applications, the Lebesgue differentiation theorem on $K$ is proved. Moreover, via the Hardy--Littlewood maximal operator $M_{\mathcal{D}}^\mu $, we characterize the Lebesgue--Choquet space $L^p(K,H^{\alpha}_\mu)$ and the Zygmund space $L\log L(K,\mu)$. To be exact, given $\alpha/s< p\le \infty$, we discover that \[ \text{$f\in L^p(K,H^{\alpha}_\mu)$ if and only if $M_{\mathcal{D}}^\mu f\in L^p(K,H^{\alpha}_\mu)$}\] and, for $f\in L^1(K,\mu)$ with $K$ satisfying the strong separation condition, \[\text{$M_{\mathcal{D}}^\mu f\in L^1(K,\mu)$ if and only if $f\in L\log L(K,\mu)$}.\] That is, Wiener's $L\log L$ inequality and its converse inequality due to Stein in 1969 are extended to fractal set $K$ with respect to $\mu$.