Green functions and a positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic $3$-manifolds

TL;DR

This paper establishes a new positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic 3-manifolds using a volume-renormalized mass and a monotonicity formula based on Green functions, under topological constraints.

Contribution

It introduces a positive mass theorem for asymptotically hyperbolic 3-manifolds utilizing a novel monotonicity approach with Green functions and volume-renormalized mass.

Findings

Proves positivity of the volume-renormalized mass under specified conditions.

Develops a monotonicity formula along Green function level sets.

Requires the second homology to lack spherical classes.

Abstract

We prove a new positive mass theorem for three-dimensional manifolds which are asymptotically hyperboloidal of order greater than $1$. The mass quantity under consideration is the volume-renormalized mass recently introduced in a paper by Dahl, McCormick and the first author. The proof is based on a monotonicity formula holding along the level sets of the Green function for the Laplace operator centered at an arbitrary point. In order for this argument to work out, we require that the second homology of the manifold does not contain any spherical classes.