Coherent photoproduction of $\rho^0, \omega$ and excited vector mesons in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions

TL;DR

This study measures coherent photoproduction of vector mesons in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at the LHC, revealing new resonances and nuclear suppression effects on meson production.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed measurement of meson photoproduction in heavy-ion collisions at high energies, identifying two new resonances and analyzing nuclear suppression phenomena.

Findings

Dominance of $ ho^0$ meson in the spectrum

Identification of two new resonances at 1350 and 1790 MeV

Observation of significant nuclear suppression of $ ho^0$ production

Abstract

The invariant-mass distribution for the coherent photoproduction of dipions in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions is measured using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $224.6 \pm 9.6 \mu$b$^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment in 2018 at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV. In the mass range from 400 to 1200 MeV, the results are consistent with previous experiments, with the spectrum dominated by the $\rho^0$ meson, which interferes with a nonresonant component, together with a smaller $\omega$ meson contribution. In an extended mass range up to 2300 MeV, models previously used do not fit the data and a consistent description requires the introduction of two resonances at masses of $1350\pm20$ MeV and $1790\pm20$ MeV with widths of about 300 MeV. The cross-section for each meson is measured differentially in twelve bins of rapidity from 2.05 to 4.90. The $\rho^0$ cross-section increases with rapidity from about 400 to 600 mb and is measured with a typical precision of 8\%, while the cross-section times branching fraction for the $\omega,\rho^\prime$ and $\rho^{\prime\prime}$, with the statistical precision of the data, do not have a pronounced rapidity dependence and are between 0.5 and 1.5 mb, with uncertainties up to 30\%. A large nuclear suppression is observed for the $\rho^0$ meson compared to expectations based on photoproduction on the proton that use the impulse approximation. Significant suppression is also observed compared to that predicted by elastic scattering described in the Glauber approach, or with the addition of inelastic scattering in a Gribov--Glauber model.