Fresnel reflection coefficients in the Fourier domain for a planar surface in uniform motion parallel to its interface

TL;DR

This paper rigorously derives the Fourier domain Fresnel reflection coefficients for a uniformly moving planar dielectric surface, revealing motion-induced effects like cross-polarization, unidirectional surface plasmons, and non-reciprocity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel Fourier domain formulation of reflection coefficients for moving surfaces, incorporating special relativity and classical electrodynamics.

Findings

Cross-polarization arises due to motion, except when aligned with the plane of incidence.

Motion causes a tilting of the surface mode dispersion relation.

Surface plasmons become unidirectional and non-reciprocal because of surface movement.

Abstract

The optical reflection coefficient of a dielectric medium moving uniformly in the plane spanned by its surface is rigorously calculated using classical electrodynamics and special relativity, and expressed in the Fourier domain, as a function of the incident frequency and wavevector, valid in both the far- and near-field regimes. It is found that cross-polarisation appears as a consequence of the motion, except when it is directed along the plane of incidence. As an example, using a Drude model for the permittivity of the surface at rest, the dispersion relation of its surface modes is calculated. A tilting of the dispersion relation is observed, leading to movement-induced surface plasmon unidirectionality and non-reciprocity.