Self-organization to multicriticality

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a system can self-organize to a multicritical state, simultaneously approaching two different phase transitions, revealing a new level of versatility in self-organized criticality.

Contribution

It introduces the first model showing self-organization to multicriticality, where a system approaches multiple phase transitions simultaneously while remaining critical.

Findings

System self-organizes to oscillation onset

System drifts to pattern formation onset

Multicriticality is robust and widespread

Abstract

Self-organized criticality is a well-established phenomenon, where a system dynamically tunes its structure to operate on the verge of a phase transition. Here, we show that the dynamics inside the self-organized critical state are fundamentally far more versatile than previously recognized, to the extent that a system can self-organize to a new type of phase transition while staying on the verge of another. In this first demonstration of self-organization to multicriticality, we investigate a model of coupled oscillators on a random network, where the network topology evolves in response to the oscillator dynamics. We show that the system first self-organizes to the onset of oscillations, after which it drifts to the onset of pattern formation while still remaining at the onset of oscillations, thus becoming critical in two different ways at once. The observed evolution to multicriticality is robust generic behavior that we expect to be widespread in self-organizing systems. Overall, these results offer a unifying framework for studying systems, such as the brain, where multiple phase transitions may be relevant for proper functioning.