Stable supersolids and boselets in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with three-body interactions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability of supersolid and boselet states in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with three-body interactions, revealing mechanisms to suppress modulational instability and realize stable supersolids experimentally.

Contribution

It demonstrates that three-body interactions stabilize supersolid phases by suppressing various modulational instabilities in spin-orbit-coupled BECs.

Findings

R3BIs eliminate baseband and zero-wavenumber-gain MI.

Stable boselets and supersolids are achievable with R3BIs.

Multiple MI types induce rogue waves and complex patterns.

Abstract

We explore the stability of supersolid striped waves, plane-wave boselets, and other extended states in one-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive three-body interactions (R3BIs), modeled by quintic terms in the framework of the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii equations. In the absence of R3BIs, the extended states are susceptible to the modulational instability (MI) induced by the cubic attractive nonlinearity. Using the linearized Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations, we identify multiple new types of MI, including baseband, passband, mixedband, and zero-wavenumber-gain ones, which give rise to deterministic rogue waves and complex nonlinear wave patterns. Our analysis reveals that R3BIs eliminate baseband and zero-wavenumber-gain MIs, forming, instead, phonon modes that enable stable boselets. Additionally, mixedband and passband MIs are suppressed, which results in a lattice-like phonon-roton mode that supports a stable supersolid phase. These stable supersolids can be realized using currently available ultracold experimental setup.