Parametric Coincidence in the Baryon to Dark Matter Ratio from Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis and UV Freeze-in Dark Matter

TL;DR

This paper proposes that the observed similarity between baryon and dark matter densities can be explained by a coincidence between Affleck-Dine baryogenesis and UV freeze-in dark matter production, both depending on the reheating temperature.

Contribution

It introduces a framework linking baryon asymmetry and dark matter relic abundance through a common dependence on reheating temperature in supersymmetric models.

Findings

Reheating temperature $T_{rh}$ influences both baryon and dark matter densities.

The ratio of baryon to dark matter is naturally of order unity.

Conditions to prevent Q-ball formation and alternative dark matter production mechanisms are discussed.

Abstract

We highlight that the observed concurrence between the baryon and dark matter relic densities can be explained via a parametric coincidence between two distinct production mechanisms: Affleck-Dine baryogenesis and dark matter UV freeze-in. In the Affleck-Dine mechanism, the baryon asymmetry is naturally proportional to the inflationary reheating temperature $T_{\rm rh}$, which also plays a critical role in setting the relic abundance of UV freeze-in dark matter. Since Affleck-Dine baryogenesis requires flat directions in the potential, the framework is inherently supersymmetric, offering compelling UV freeze-in dark matter candidates such as the gravitino. We outline scenarios in which $T_{\rm rh}$ simultaneously determines both relic abundances, resulting in a baryon-to-dark matter ratio of order unity that is largely insensitive to $T_{\rm rh}$. We also discuss the conditions required to avoid Q-ball formation or dark matter production by other mechanisms, such as NLSP decays, to preserve the parametric coincidence between baryon and dark matter abundances.