Bulk/boundary Modular Quintessence and DESI

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel two-field cosmological model involving boundary and bulk scalar fields, explaining dynamical dark energy consistent with DESI DR2 results and string theory considerations.

Contribution

It introduces a boundary/bulk scalar field framework with a modular-invariant potential to model dynamical dark energy, aligning with recent observational data.

Findings

Model fits DESI DR2 data well

Scalar fields near boundary and in bulk are consistent with observations

Proposes a string-inspired quintessence scenario

Abstract

The latest DESI DR2 results, when combined with other independent cosmological data on the Cosmic Microwave Background and supernovas, suggest a preference for dynamical dark energy. We propose a novel cosmological scenario, which features two distinct scalar fields. One governs the magnitude of the present-day dark energy density and is related to the size of extra-dimensions. Accounting for the observed smallness of this energy density requires the scalar to reside near the boundary of field space. The second field, responsible for the time evolution of dark energy and associated with the string coupling, must instead lie in the bulk to remain consistent with the non-observation of light string states. We show that a natural candidate for such dark energy dynamics is a quintessence modular-invariant potential, in which the second scalar field rolls down a negatively curved slope, starting from a self-dual critical point. We find that this scenario is in good agreement with the latest findings by DESI.