Forecast Constraints on Bouncing Cosmology from High Frequency Gravitational Waves Using Superconducting LC Circuits and Resonant Cavities

TL;DR

This paper forecasts the potential of high frequency gravitational wave detectors, including superconducting circuits and resonant cavities, to constrain bouncing cosmology models and probe the early Universe at ultra high energies.

Contribution

It provides the first projections of bounce energy scales in bouncing cosmology using high frequency gravitational wave detection methods across a broad frequency range.

Findings

Forecast sensitivities surpass existing astrophysical limits.

Constraints cover a wide frequency range from $10^{-17}$ Hz to 10 GHz.

Probes the cosmic initial non-singularity at ultra high energy scales.

Abstract

We exploit forecast sensitivities to high frequency gravitational waves (HFGWs) from superconducting LC circuits, traditional resonant cavity and superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities with electromagnetic and mechanical modes to derive the first projections of the bounce energy scale within the generic bouncing cosmology framework over the frequency window $1\,$kHz $\lesssim f\lesssim10\,$GHz. In comparison with existing astrophysical limits (spanning $10^{-17}\,$Hz $\lesssim f\lesssim1\,$kHz and based on Planck/BICEP, PTA, and aLIGO/LISA) our HFGW forecasts yield substantially tighter constraints across a broad region of parameter space. This work unifies constraints from cosmological observations and quantum measurement experiments, providing comprehensive coverage of the early Universe gravitational wave spectrum from $10^{-17}\,\mathrm{Hz}$ to $10\,\mathrm{GHz}$ and thereby probing the cosmic initial non singularity at ultra high energy scales.