Quark Wigner distribution in frame-independent 3-dimensional space

TL;DR

This paper explores the quark Wigner distribution in a frame-independent 3D space, revealing symmetric, localized distributions that resemble atomic orbitals, within a dressed quark model framework.

Contribution

It introduces a frame-independent 3D analysis of quark Wigner distributions, highlighting their spatial symmetry and orbital-like profiles, which is a novel approach.

Findings

Distributions are concentrated near the target center.

Distributions are symmetric along axes.

Spatial profiles resemble atomic orbitals.

Abstract

We investigate the quark Wigner distribution in a frame-independent, three-dimensional position space within the framework of the dressed quark model. It is observed that the distributions are concentrated near the center of the target and gradually diminish as one moves away in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The distribution exhibits symmetry along both axes, indicating an equal probability of locating the quark in either direction around the center. Interestingly, the spatial profile of the distribution resembles that of atomic orbitals, where the probability of finding an electron is highest in certain regions compared to others.