Comparing effective temperatures in standard and Tsallis distributions from transverse momentum spectra in small collision systems

TL;DR

This study compares effective temperatures derived from various statistical distributions fitted to transverse momentum spectra of identified hadrons in small collision systems at RHIC, revealing systematic trends and linear relationships among the temperatures.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive comparison of effective temperatures from standard and Tsallis distributions in small collision systems, highlighting their systematic behaviors and interrelations.

Findings

Effective temperatures decrease with collision centrality.

Linear relationships exist between temperatures from different distribution pairs.

Temperatures from Tsallis and standard distributions are strongly correlated.

Abstract

The transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra of identified light charged hadrons, specifically bosons ($\pi^{\pm}$ and $K^{\pm}$) as well as fermions [$p(\bar p)$], produced in small collision systems, namely deuteron-gold (d+Au) and proton-proton (p+p) collisions at the top energy of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, are investigated in this paper. In present study, d+Au collisions are categorized into three centrality classes: central (0--20\%), semi-central (20--40\%), and peripheral (40--100\%) collisions. Various types of distributions, including standard [Bose-Einstein (Fermi-Dirac) and Boltzmann] and Tsallis distributions, are employed to fit the same $p_T$ spectra to derive different effective temperatures denoted as $T_{eff}$. The results indicate that $T_{eff}$ values obtained from Bose-Einstein, Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac, and Tsallis distributions exhibit systematically a decreasing trend. Meanwhile, these $T_{eff}$ values also show a decreasing trend with a decrease in collision centrality. Furthermore, based on the spectra of given particles, a perfect linear relationship is observed between different pairwise combinations of $T_{eff}$ derived from both Boltzmann and Bose-Einstein (Fermi-Dirac) distributions as well as between Tsallis and Bose-Einstein (Fermi-Dirac) distributions.