Wireless Communication for Low-Altitude Economy with UAV Swarm Enabled Two-Level Movable Antenna System
Haiquan Lu, Yong Zeng, Shaodan Ma, Bin Li, Shi Jin, Rui Zhang

TL;DR
This paper introduces a UAV swarm-based two-level movable antenna system that optimizes 3D placement and beamforming to enhance ground communication rates, leveraging UAV mobility and antenna adjustments.
Contribution
It proposes a novel UAV swarm enabled two-level movable antenna system with optimization algorithms, including closed-form solutions for specific cases, improving low-altitude communication performance.
Findings
The system significantly outperforms benchmark schemes in numerical tests.
Optimal UAV placement achieves IUI-free communication under certain models.
The approach effectively exploits UAV mobility for better channel conditions.
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is regarded as a key enabling platform for low-altitude economy, due to its advantages such as 3D maneuverability, flexible deployment, and LoS air-to-air/ground communication links. In particular, the intrinsic high mobility renders UAV especially suitable for operating as a movable antenna (MA) from the sky. In this paper, by exploiting the flexible mobility of UAV swarm and antenna position adjustment of MA, we propose a novel UAV swarm enabled two-level MA system, where UAVs not only individually deploy a local MA array, but also form a larger-scale MA system with their individual MA arrays via swarm coordination. We formulate a general optimization problem to maximize the minimum achievable rate over all ground user equipments (UEs), by jointly optimizing the 3D UAV swarm placement positions, their individual MAs' positions, and receive beamforming for…
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