FCKT: Fine-Grained Cross-Task Knowledge Transfer with Semantic Contrastive Learning for Targeted Sentiment Analysis

TL;DR

FCKT introduces a fine-grained knowledge transfer framework for targeted sentiment analysis, explicitly modeling aspect-level information to improve sentiment prediction accuracy and reduce negative transfer, outperforming existing methods.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel fine-grained cross-task knowledge transfer method that explicitly incorporates aspect-level information for targeted sentiment analysis, addressing limitations of coarse-grained approaches.

Findings

FCKT outperforms baseline models on three datasets.

Explicit aspect-level modeling improves sentiment prediction.

FCKT effectively reduces negative transfer in TSA.

Abstract

In this paper, we address the task of targeted sentiment analysis (TSA), which involves two sub-tasks, i.e., identifying specific aspects from reviews and determining their corresponding sentiments. Aspect extraction forms the foundation for sentiment prediction, highlighting the critical dependency between these two tasks for effective cross-task knowledge transfer. While most existing studies adopt a multi-task learning paradigm to align task-specific features in the latent space, they predominantly rely on coarse-grained knowledge transfer. Such approaches lack fine-grained control over aspect-sentiment relationships, often assuming uniform sentiment polarity within related aspects. This oversimplification neglects contextual cues that differentiate sentiments, leading to negative transfer. To overcome these limitations, we propose FCKT, a fine-grained cross-task knowledge transfer framework tailored for TSA. By explicitly incorporating aspect-level information into sentiment prediction, FCKT achieves fine-grained knowledge transfer, effectively mitigating negative transfer and enhancing task performance. Experiments on three datasets, including comparisons with various baselines and large language models (LLMs), demonstrate the effectiveness of FCKT. The source code is available on https://github.com/cwei01/FCKT.