Fast and robust detection of single Rydberg excitations in mesoscopic ensembles

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fast, high-fidelity, non-destructive method for detecting single Rydberg excitations in mesoscopic atomic ensembles, applicable across various atomic species and useful for quantum technologies.

Contribution

A novel optical pumping protocol based on Autler Townes configuration for robust, rapid, and non-destructive Rydberg excitation detection in mesoscopic ensembles.

Findings

Achieves high fidelities within microseconds

Robust against probe laser frequency variations

Applicable to multiple atomic species

Abstract

We propose a novel non-destructive method for the detection of single Rydberg excitations in a mesoscopic ensemble. The protocol achieves high fidelities on a microsecond timescale and is robust against changes in the probe laser frequency. The technique relies on optical pumping in Autler Townes configuration, whose efficiency is controlled by the presence/absence of a Rydberg excitation. Taking rubidium atoms as an example, we give realistic estimates for the achievable fidelities and parameters. However, our protocol can be transferred to any other atomic species which features multiple stable states. Our protocol is applicable in quantum simulation and quantum information processing with mesoscopic ensembles requiring fast and high fidelity Rydberg state detection.