Single-photon detection enabled by negative differential conductivity in moir\'e superlattices

TL;DR

This paper presents a new single-photon detector based on negative differential conductance in moiré superlattices, enabling sensitive photon detection at various wavelengths and temperatures up to 25 K.

Contribution

It introduces a novel photon detection mechanism using moiré materials with tunable bands, demonstrating high sensitivity and broadband operation.

Findings

Successful single-photon counting at mid-infrared and visible wavelengths

Operation at temperatures up to 25 K

Potential for integration into quantum and photonic technologies

Abstract

Detecting individual light quanta is essential for quantum information, space exploration, advanced machine vision, and fundamental science. Here, we introduce a novel single photon detection mechanism using highly photosensitive non-equilibrium electron phases in moir\'e materials. Using tunable bands in bilayer graphene/hexagonal-boron nitride superlattices, we engineer negative differential conductance and a sensitive bistable state capable of detecting single photons. Operating in this regime, we demonstrate single-photon counting at mid-infrared (11.3 microns) and visible wavelengths (675 nanometres) and temperatures up to 25 K. This detector offers new prospects for broadband, high-temperature quantum technologies with CMOS compatibility and seamless integration into photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Our analysis suggests the mechanism underlying our device operation originates from negative differential velocity, and represents an important milestone in the field of high-bias transport in two-dimensional moir\'e quantum materials.