Mamba-Adaptor: State Space Model Adaptor for Visual Recognition

TL;DR

Mamba-Adaptor introduces a novel vision task adaptor for State Space Models, enhancing global context access, spatial modeling, and long-range memory, leading to state-of-the-art results in visual recognition tasks.

Contribution

The paper proposes a lightweight vision adaptor with Adaptor-T and Adaptor-S modules to improve Mamba's performance in visual tasks, addressing key limitations.

Findings

Achieves state-of-the-art results on ImageNet and COCO benchmarks.

Enhances global context access and spatial modeling in Mamba.

Effective as a general backbone, booster, and fine-tuning module.

Abstract

Recent State Space Models (SSM), especially Mamba, have demonstrated impressive performance in visual modeling and possess superior model efficiency. However, the application of Mamba to visual tasks suffers inferior performance due to three main constraints existing in the sequential model: 1) Casual computing is incapable of accessing global context; 2) Long-range forgetting when computing the current hidden states; 3) Weak spatial structural modeling due to the transformed sequential input. To address these issues, we investigate a simple yet powerful vision task Adaptor for Mamba models, which consists of two functional modules: Adaptor-T and Adaptor-S. When solving the hidden states for SSM, we apply a lightweight prediction module Adaptor-T to select a set of learnable locations as memory augmentations to ease long-range forgetting issues. Moreover, we leverage Adapator-S, composed of multi-scale dilated convolutional kernels, to enhance the spatial modeling and introduce the image inductive bias into the feature output. Both modules can enlarge the context modeling in casual computing, as the output is enhanced by the inaccessible features. We explore three usages of Mamba-Adaptor: A general visual backbone for various vision tasks; A booster module to raise the performance of pretrained backbones; A highly efficient fine-tuning module that adapts the base model for transfer learning tasks. Extensive experiments verify the effectiveness of Mamba-Adaptor in three settings. Notably, our Mamba-Adaptor achieves state-of the-art performance on the ImageNet and COCO benchmarks.