Enhancing Network Anomaly Detection with Quantum GANs and Successive Data Injection for Multivariate Time Series

TL;DR

This paper presents a quantum GAN architecture for multivariate time-series anomaly detection that leverages variational quantum circuits, data re-uploading, and successive data injection to improve accuracy and efficiency over classical methods.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel quantum GAN framework with data re-uploading and SuDaI techniques, achieving high accuracy with fewer parameters compared to classical models.

Findings

Quantum GAN achieves high accuracy, recall, and F1-scores in anomaly detection.

The quantum model attains lower MSE than classical GAN.

Effective performance maintained under noisy simulation conditions.

Abstract

Quantum computing may offer new approaches for advancing machine learning, including in complex tasks such as anomaly detection in network traffic. In this paper, we introduce a quantum generative adversarial network (QGAN) architecture for multivariate time-series anomaly detection that leverages variational quantum circuits (VQCs) in combination with a time-window shifting technique, data re-uploading, and successive data injection (SuDaI). The method encodes multivariate time series data as rotation angles. By integrating both data re-uploading and SuDaI, the approach maps classical data into quantum states efficiently, helping to address hardware limitations such as the restricted number of available qubits. In addition, the approach employs an anomaly scoring technique that utilizes both the generator and the discriminator output to enhance the accuracy of anomaly detection. The QGAN was trained using the parameter shift rule and benchmarked against a classical GAN. Experimental results indicate that the quantum model achieves a accuracy high along with high recall and F1-scores in anomaly detection, and attains a lower MSE compared to the classical model. Notably, the QGAN accomplishes this performance with only 80 parameters, demonstrating competitive results with a compact architecture. Tests using a noisy simulator suggest that the approach remains effective under realistic noise-prone conditions.