Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Living Mycelium through Dispersion Analysis

TL;DR

This paper characterizes the electrical dispersion properties of living mycelium to evaluate its potential as a sustainable, self-sensing material for structural health monitoring, emphasizing the influence of humidity on signal transmission.

Contribution

It introduces a combined impedance and wave correlation model to analyze mycelium's dispersion behavior both theoretically and experimentally, highlighting its suitability for biosensing applications.

Findings

Electrical signals in mycelium are frequency-dependent and attenuated by humidity.

Rehydrated mycelium shows different dispersion characteristics compared to dehydrated.

Mycelium's inhomogeneity can be assessed through dispersion analysis.

Abstract

Mycelium, a natural and sustainable material, possesses unique electrical, mechanical, and biological properties that make it a promising candidate for biosensor applications. These properties include its ability to conduct electrical signals, respond to external stimuli such as humidity and mechanical stress, and grow integrally within structures to form a natural network. Such characteristics suggest its potential for integration into self-sensing systems to monitor vibrations, deformations, and environmental conditions in buildings and infrastructure. To understand the output voltage generated by these biomaterials in response to an applied electrical input, it is essential to characterize their spatial and temporal properties. This study introduces an electrical impedance network model to describe signal transmission through mycelium. In combination with the inhomogeneous wave correlation (IWC) method, commonly used in elastic wave propagation, we demonstrate the dispersion behavior of living mycelium both theoretically and experimentally. We reveal the frequency-dependent and spatial attenuation of electrical signals in living, dehydrated, and rehydrated mycelium, emphasizing the critical role of humidity in enabling effective signal sensing. Furthermore, dispersion analysis is used to assess the homogeneity of mycelium, underscoring its feasibility as a living, green sensing material. This research lays the groundwork for innovative applications of mycelium in sustainable structural health monitoring.