Detector Designs for Frontier Measurements in Neutrino and Collider Physics in the 21st Century

TL;DR

This paper introduces innovative detector designs for neutrino and collider physics, aiming to enhance measurement precision and enable direct detection of cosmic neutrinos, thereby addressing key challenges in 21st-century particle physics.

Contribution

It presents a novel electromagnetic spectrometer for neutrino mass measurement and a dual-readout crystal calorimeter with AI/ML techniques for future colliders, advancing detector capabilities.

Findings

Proposed a new EM spectrometer leveraging magnetic gradient drift for neutrino mass detection.

Designed a segmented crystal calorimeter with AI/ML for improved collider measurements.

Addressed key challenges to achieve higher sensitivities in particle physics experiments.

Abstract

The last energy-frontier lepton collider, LEP, established several limits that still hold today. A key one is the counting of three light neutrino species from the invisible decay width of the Z boson. From a collider calorimetry standpoint, the missing energy is an invitation to design an experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass. We present a new type of EM spectrometer which leverages the first adiabatic invariant in magnetic gradient drift to achieve exponentially bounded resolution in a highly compact and scalable format, enabling the PTOLEMY experiment to not only measure the neutrino mass at the tritium endpoint, but one day directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background. Meanwhile, the next lepton collider promises to expose the Higgs self-coupling and complete the accounting of lepton universality. We present a dual-readout, segmented crystal calorimeter for future collider detectors, combining new hardware capabilities with novel AI/ML reconstruction techniques towards realizing a detector that must definitively and unambiguously surpass its predecessors. Together, these studies confront the most pressing challenges for 21st century particle physics experiments to achieve the sensitivities needed to bridge the gap between the largest and smallest scales of reality.