Gravimetry enhanced by nonreciprocal optomechanical coupling

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that nonreciprocal optomechanical coupling significantly enhances the precision of gravitational acceleration measurements, outperforming reciprocal coupling especially under weak driving conditions and near critical two-photon driving intensities.

Contribution

It introduces a nonreciprocal optomechanical coupling scheme for gravimetry, showing its advantages over reciprocal coupling in measurement precision and robustness against driving strength limitations.

Findings

Nonreciprocal coupling improves measurement precision by up to a factor of two.

Nonreciprocal coupling remains effective even at infinite driving strength, unlike reciprocal coupling.

Quantum Fisher information analysis confirms superior performance of nonreciprocal coupling under typical conditions.

Abstract

We explore how to measure the gravitational acceleration by using a dissipative optomechanical cavity. What is quite different from the conventional measurement methods is that we have constructed a nonreciprocal optomechanical coupling. We demonstrate that nonreciprocal coupling has a much greater advantage than reciprocal coupling. When the coherent optomechanical coupling is relatively weak and the driving intensity of single photon is strong, nonreciprocal coupling can improve the measurement precision by a factor of two. When the driving strength of single photon tends to infinity, reciprocal coupling fails to obtain any information about the gravitational acceleration, while nonreciprocal coupling still does. Using a two-photon driving, the measurement uncertainty of the gravitational acceleration will tend to zero as the intensity of two-photon driving approaches the critical point. The critical value of the two-photon driving intensity required for nonreciprocal coupling is finite, but the critical value of the two-photon driving intensity required for reciprocal coupling is infinite. The combination of the amplification of mechanical parameters and the extra force can not improve the measurement precision, but it can enhance the susceptibility. Furthermore, when the single-photon driving field is relatively weak, we analytically calculate the quantum Fisher information. The results show that, under most experimental parameters, nonreciprocal coupling still performs better than reciprocal coupling.