Detecting Sybil Addresses in Blockchain Airdrops: A Subgraph-based Feature Propagation and Fusion Approach

TL;DR

This paper introduces a subgraph-based feature extraction method combined with LightGBM to accurately detect sybil addresses in blockchain airdrops, significantly improving security by identifying malicious actors.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach that constructs deep transaction subgraphs and extracts temporal, amount, and network features for sybil detection, outperforming existing methods.

Findings

Achieved over 0.9 in precision, recall, F1, and AUC metrics.

Effectively captures sybil behavior through temporal and structural features.

Outperforms existing approaches in sybil address detection.

Abstract

Sybil attacks pose a significant security threat to blockchain ecosystems, particularly in token airdrop events. This paper proposes a novel sybil address identification method based on subgraph feature extraction lightGBM. The method first constructs a two-layer deep transaction subgraph for each address, then extracts key event operation features according to the lifecycle of sybil addresses, including the time of first transaction, first gas acquisition, participation in airdrop activities, and last transaction. These temporal features effectively capture the consistency of sybil address behavior operations. Additionally, the method extracts amount and network structure features, comprehensively describing address behavior patterns and network topology through feature propagation and fusion. Experiments conducted on a dataset containing 193,701 addresses (including 23,240 sybil addresses) show that this method outperforms existing approaches in terms of precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC, with all metrics exceeding 0.9. The methods and results of this study can be further applied to broader blockchain security areas such as transaction manipulation identification and token liquidity risk assessment, contributing to the construction of a more secure and fair blockchain ecosystem.