Quantum Teleportation in Non-equilibrium Environments and Fixed-point Fidelity

TL;DR

This paper explores quantum teleportation in non-equilibrium environments, demonstrating that fidelity can be universally enhanced and stabilized at a fixed point, which simplifies practical quantum communication despite environmental noise.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of fixed-point fidelity in non-equilibrium quantum teleportation and shows how environmental conditions can be used to enhance and stabilize teleportation fidelity.

Findings

Fidelity can be improved beyond equilibrium levels in non-equilibrium environments.

All input states can achieve identical fidelity under specific non-equilibrium conditions.

Combining detuned qubits with non-equilibrium environments enhances fixed-point fidelity.

Abstract

Quantum teleportation, a fundamental protocol in quantum information science, enables the transfer of quantum states through entangled particle pairs and classical communication channels. While ideal quantum teleportation requires maximally entangled states as resources, real-world implementations inevitably face environmental noise and decoherence effects. In this work, we investigate quantum teleportation in non-equilibrium environments with different temperatures or chemical potentials. We apply the Bloch-Redfield equation to characterize the non-equilibrium dynamics. In both bosonic and fermionic setups, the fidelity can be enhanced beyond the equilibrium values. Under specific non-equilibrium conditions, the fidelities of all input states are identical. We call it teleportation with a fixed-point fidelity. Notably, at the fixed-point, fidelity can also be enhanced by combining the two detuned qubits and non-equilibrium environments. These findings provide important guidance for implementing quantum communication protocols in realistic environments, while the fixed-point mechanism offers a promising pathway toward simplifying practical quantum teleportation schemes.