SoK: A Taxonomy for Distributed-Ledger-Based Identity Management

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive taxonomy for classifying distributed-ledger-based identity management solutions, aiding systematic analysis, comparison, and design of such systems.

Contribution

It introduces the first methodology-driven taxonomy with 22 dimensions and 113 characteristics, derived from extensive analysis and expert input, to standardize and understand blockchain-based identity architectures.

Findings

The taxonomy enables systematic analysis and comparison of identity solutions.

Application to two architectures demonstrates its practical utility.

Supports standardization and informed design decisions in the field.

Abstract

The intersection of blockchain (distributed ledger) and identity management lacks a comprehensive framework for classifying distributed-ledger-based identity solutions. This paper introduces a methodologically developed taxonomy derived from the analysis of 390 scientific papers and expert discussions. The resulting framework consists of 22 dimensions with 113 characteristics, organized into three groups: trust anchor implementations, identity architectures (identifiers and credentials), and ledger specifications. This taxonomy facilitates the systematic analysis, comparison, and design of distributed-ledger-based identity solutions, as demonstrated through its application to two distinct architectures. As the first methodology-driven taxonomy in this field, this work advances standardization and enhances understanding of distributed-ledger-based identity architectures. It provides researchers and practitioners with a structured framework for evaluating design decisions and implementation approaches.