Quantum simulation of many-body dynamics with noise-robust Trotter decomposition based on symmetric structures

TL;DR

This paper introduces a symmetry-based Trotter decomposition that reduces gate complexity and enhances noise robustness for quantum simulations of many-body dynamics, demonstrated through simulations and experiments on IBM hardware.

Contribution

It proposes a new symmetry-based Trotter decomposition that is more circuit-efficient and noise-resilient for near-term quantum devices, improving quantum simulation fidelity.

Findings

Reduces CNOT gates compared to conventional methods

Achieves over 98% state fidelity with error mitigation

Demonstrates practical implementation on IBM superconducting hardware

Abstract

The Suzuki-Trotter decomposition, which digitalizes quantum time evolution, provides a promising framework for simulating quantum dynamics on quantum hardware and exploring quantum advantage over classical computation. However, conventional Trotter circuits require a large number of non-local gates, lowering their faithfulness to the ideal dynamics when implemented on current noisy quantum hardware. While most previous studies have focused on circuit optimization, we instead propose a new Trotter decomposition that is intrinsically circuit-efficient for simulating quantum dynamics on near-term devices. Our method substantially reduces both the residual error by Trotter decomposition and the number of CNOT operations compared to conventional Trotter decompositions by exploiting the symmetry of the target model to construct an effective Hamiltonian with fewer two-qubit gates. We demonstrate the noise robustness of the proposed approach through numerical simulations of a nine-site Heisenberg model under realistic noise, and further validate its experimental practicality on the IBM superconducting device, achieving a state fidelity exceeding $0.98$ when combined with quantum error mitigation in the three-site case. The proposed circuit design is also compatible with existing circuit optimization techniques. Our results establish a practical route toward noise-resilient quantum simulation in many-body dynamics.