Investigating Graviton Mass Effects on Black Hole Lensing in dRGT Massive Gravity

TL;DR

This study explores how a non-zero graviton mass in dRGT massive gravity influences black hole lensing, affecting light deflection and Einstein ring properties, which could improve black hole detection via gravitational lensing.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of graviton mass effects on black hole lensing and Einstein rings within dRGT massive gravity, using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem.

Findings

Graviton mass significantly alters light deflection angles.

Einstein ring sizes are affected by graviton mass.

Results suggest enhanced black hole detectability in lensing observations.

Abstract

In this paper, we delve into the gravitational lensing and photon trajectories in the vicinity of non-asymptotically flat black hole spacetimes within the framework of dRGT massive gravity, incorporating a non-zero graviton mass. We assume that both the observer and the light source are located at a finite distance from the lens object, and calculate the gravitational deflection angle of light ray by such a black hole based on Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Furthermore, we derive the angular radius of Einstein rings associated with black holes in dRGT massive gravity, thereby facilitating a comprehensive discussion on the ramifications of the graviton mass. Notably, our findings reveal pronounced impacts of the graviton mass on both light deflection angles and Einstein ring characteristics, underscoring its significance in dRGT massive gravity and enhancing the detectability of black holes in gravitational lensing observations, thereby opening new avenues for future research.