Stabilizer-Accelerated Quantum Many-Body Ground-State Estimation

TL;DR

This paper explores how stabilizer states can efficiently approximate the ground states of quantum many-body systems, capturing collective entanglement features and accelerating convergence of quantum algorithms.

Contribution

It introduces a method to separate Hamiltonians into stabilizer and non-stabilizer parts, demonstrating effective ground state approximation in a spin model.

Findings

Stabilizer states capture key entanglement features of the system.

Stabilizer-based methods accelerate imaginary-time evolution convergence.

Injecting non-stabilizerness improves approximation accuracy.

Abstract

We investigate how the stabilizer formalism, in particular highly-entangled stabilizer states, can be used to describe the emergence of many-body shape collectivity from individual constituents, in a symmetry-preserving and classically efficient way. The method that we adopt is based on determining an optimal separation of the Hamiltonian into a stabilizer component and a residual part inducing non-stabilizerness. The corresponding stabilizer ground state is efficiently prepared using techniques of graph states and stabilizer tableaux. We demonstrate this technique in context of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, a fully-connected spin system presenting a second order phase transition from spherical to deformed state. The resulting stabilizer ground state is found to capture to a large extent both bi-partite and collective multi-partite entanglement features of the exact solution in the region of large deformation. We also explore several methods for injecting non-stabilizerness into the system, including ADAPT-VQE, and imaginary-time evolution (ITE) techniques. Stabilizer ground states are found to accelerate ITE convergence due to a larger overlap with the exact ground state. While further investigations are required, the present work suggests that collective features may be associated with high but simple large-scale entanglement which can be captured by stabilizer states, while the interplay with single-particle motion may be responsible for inducing non-stabilizerness. This study motivates applications of the proposed approach to more realistic quantum many-body systems, whose stabilizer ground states can be used in combinations with powerful classical many-body techniques and/or quantum methods.