Stochastic analysis of finite-temperature effects on cosmological parameters by artificial neural networks

TL;DR

This study investigates how finite-temperature quantum gravity effects influence cosmological parameters, especially the cosmological constant, by integrating temperature-dependent quantum corrections into cosmological models and analyzing their impact on observational data using neural networks.

Contribution

It introduces new density parameters from finite-temperature quantum gravity effects into cosmological models and demonstrates their potential to improve fit to observational data using machine learning techniques.

Findings

Negative value of $\Omega_{\Lambda_2}$ consistent with dimensional regularization

Enhanced model accuracy with additional quantum gravity parameters

Improved fit to Planck 2018 data with these parameters

Abstract

We explore the impact of finite-temperature quantum gravity effects on cosmological parameters, particularly the cosmological constant $\Lambda$, by incorporating temperature-dependent quantum corrections into the Hubble parameter. For that purpose, we modify the Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System. We introduce new density parameters, $\Omega_{\Lambda_2}$ and $\Omega_{\Lambda_3}$, arising from finite-temperature quantum gravity contributions, and analyze their influence on the cosmic microwave background power spectrum using advanced machine learning techniques, including artificial neural networks and stochastic optimization. Our results reveal that $\Omega_{\Lambda_2}$ assumes a negative value, consistent with dimensional regularization in renormalization and that the presence of $\Omega_{\Lambda_2}$ as well as $\Omega_{\Lambda_3}$ enhances model accuracy. Numerical analyses demonstrate that the inclusion of these parameters improves the fit to 2018 Planck data. Although further work is required, our results suggest that finite-temperature quantum gravity effects may play a non-negligible role in cosmological evolution. Although the Hubble tension persists, our findings highlight the potential of quantum gravitational corrections in refining cosmological models and motivate further investigation into higher-order thermal effects and polarization data constraints.