Setting free the cosmic time in Quantum Universe

TL;DR

This paper addresses the problem of the frozen time in Quantum Cosmology by applying an extended Hamiltonian formalism, enabling the use of cosmic time as an evolution parameter in 3rd quantized models.

Contribution

It demonstrates that proper treatment of time re-parametrization gauge lifts the freeze of cosmic time in 3rd quantized cosmology.

Findings

Extended Hamiltonian formalism allows cosmic time to serve as an evolution parameter.

Proper gauge treatment resolves the freeze problem in quantum cosmology.

Supports a dynamic notion of cosmic time in quantum models.

Abstract

The standard Wheeler-DeWitt approach to Quantum Cosmology leads to the problematic freeze of time. The reason is the enforcement of time re-parametrization invariance via the lapse function that is treated at least partially as an independent dynamical field. We show that the correct treatment of time re-parametrization gauge along the lines of the extended Hamiltonian formalism lifts the notorious ban on the cosmic time as evolution parameter in 3rd quantized cosmology.