Gigabit-rate Quantum Key Distribution on Integrated Photonic Chips

TL;DR

This paper presents a high-speed, integrated silicon photonics QKD system achieving over 1 Gbit/s secret key rate, combining high performance and cost efficiency for practical quantum secure communication.

Contribution

Developed an integrated silicon photonics QKD system with on-chip quantum transmitter and receiver operating at 40 Gbaud/s, enabling high-speed, cost-effective quantum key distribution.

Findings

Achieved 1.213 Gbit/s secret key rate over 10 km

Designed a high-throughput DM CV QKD implementation

Demonstrated practical, scalable quantum secure communication

Abstract

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information-theoretic security guaranteed by the laws of quantum mechanics, making it resistant to future computational threats, including quantum computers. While QKD technology shows great promise, its widespread adoption depends heavily on its usability and viability, with key rate performance and cost-effectiveness serving as critical evaluation metrics. In this work, we report an integrated silicon photonics-based QKD system that achieves a secret key rate of 1.213 Gbit per second over a metropolitan distance of 10 km with polarization multiplexing. Our contributions are twofold. First, in the quantum optical layer, we developed an on-chip quantum transmitter and an efficient quantum receiver that operate at 40 Gbaud/s at room temperature. Second, we designed a discrete-modulated continuous variable (DM CV) QKD implementation with efficient information reconciliation based on polar codes, enabling potentially high-throughput real-time data processing. Our results demonstrate a practical QKD solution that combines high performance with cost efficiency. We anticipate this research will pave the way for large-scale quantum secure networks.