Immersive and Wearable Thermal Rendering for Augmented Reality

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel thermal feedback device for augmented reality that enhances immersion by providing realistic, dynamic thermal sensations while maintaining physical interaction capabilities.

Contribution

The paper presents a new thermal feedback device designed specifically for AR, addressing limitations of VR-focused devices and improving realism and usability in AR environments.

Findings

Enhanced thermal discrimination and object temperature matching

Improved spatial pattern recognition of thermal stimuli

Increased immersion and realism in AR experiences

Abstract

In augmented reality (AR), where digital content is overlaid onto the real world, realistic thermal feedback has been shown to enhance immersion. Yet current thermal feedback devices, heavily influenced by the needs of virtual reality, often hinder physical interactions and are ineffective for immersion in AR. To bridge this gap, we have identified three design considerations relevant for AR thermal feedback: indirect feedback to maintain dexterity, thermal passthrough to preserve real-world temperature perception, and spatiotemporal rendering for dynamic sensations. We then created a unique and innovative thermal feedback device that satisfies these criteria. Human subject experiments assessing perceptual sensitivity, object temperature matching, spatial pattern recognition, and moving thermal stimuli demonstrated the impact of our design, enabling realistic temperature discrimination, virtual object perception, and enhanced immersion. These findings demonstrate that carefully designed thermal feedback systems can bridge the sensory gap between physical and virtual interactions, enhancing AR realism and usability.