Qubit thermalization by random pulses: Asymptotic state factorization

TL;DR

This paper presents an analytically solvable model showing that a two-level quantum system subjected to random pulses asymptotically reaches a maximally mixed state, with implications for quantum computing entanglement.

Contribution

It introduces a new model demonstrating how random shocks cause quantum systems to thermalize and become factorized, providing insights into qubit behavior under stochastic influences.

Findings

Two-level system reaches a maximally mixed state asymptotically.

In two-qubit systems, independent shocks lead to a product of single-qubit states.

The model is analytically tractable and applicable to quantum computing scenarios.

Abstract

Here we consider an analytically tractable model of a two level quantum system subject to random shocks and prove that it decays asymptotically to a trivial state, that is, to a state in which the two levels have equal probability of occupation. In a two qubit system, if the shocks affect each qubit independently, the equilibrium density matrix becomes a simple product of the one qubit equilibrium density matrices regardless of the nature of the initial state. This has potential applications to entangles qubits in quantum computers.