On nonlinear graphene response on monochromatic electromagnetic wave in the form as generation of harmonics

TL;DR

This paper investigates the nonlinear optical response of graphene to monochromatic electromagnetic waves, demonstrating harmonic generation and quantifying the conversion efficiency using perturbative quantum models.

Contribution

It introduces a perturbative quantum Wallace model to analyze harmonic generation in graphene under monochromatic excitation, including detailed spectral analysis.

Findings

Generation of odd harmonics in reflected and transmitted spectra

First to third harmonic conversion coefficient around 10^-3 at 10 Hz

Quantitative analysis of nonlinear response using kinetic Boltzmann equation

Abstract

We consider the linear and nonlinear response of a weighted graphene sheet under the normal incidence of a plane electromagnetic wave in the form of a quasi-monochromatic pulse of long duration with a sharp edge and harmonic filling. The generation of odd harmonics in the reflected and transmitted spectra is obtained. The coefficient of transformation of the first harmonic into the third harmonic at a frequency of 10 Hz is of the order of 10-3. We use perturbative theory based on the quantum Wallace strong coupling model with field amplitude expansion and integration over the entire Brillouin zone (BZ), solving the kinetic Boltzmann equation with a collision integral in the Bhatnagar-Gross-Crook (BGK) form. The electromagnetic field is considered classically, while its vector potential changes the quasi-pulse in the dispersion equation.