Topolectrical circuits $-$ recent experimental advances and developments

TL;DR

This review discusses recent experimental advances in topolectrical circuits, highlighting their evolution from passive components to active elements and their role in demonstrating complex physical phenomena.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive summary of recent developments in topolectrical circuits, emphasizing the integration of active components and their applications in physics research.

Findings

Incorporation of active elements enhances circuit capabilities.

Experimental realizations of topological and non-Hermitian phenomena.

Broader potential of electrical circuits in physics demonstrated.

Abstract

Metamaterials serve as versatile platforms for demonstrating condensed matter physics and non-equilibrium phenomena, with electrical circuits emerging as a particularly compelling medium. This review highlights recent advances in the experimental circuit realizations of topological, non-Hermitian, non-linear, Floquet and other notable phenomena. Initially performed mostly with passive electrical components, topolectrical circuits have evolved to incorporate active elements such as operational amplifiers and analog multipliers that combine to form negative impedance converters, complex phase elements, high-frequency temporal modulators and self-feedback mechanisms. This review provides a summary of these contemporary studies and discusses the broader potential of electrical circuits in physics.