Perturbative solutions for compact objects in (2+1)-dimensional Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper derives perturbative solutions for charged black holes in (2+1)-dimensional Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics, showing that the near-horizon structure remains unchanged and no wormholes appear.

Contribution

It provides the first perturbative charged black hole solutions in (2+1)-dimensional Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics, extending previous higher-dimensional studies.

Findings

Derived a BTZ-like black hole solution with second-order corrections.

Found that the near-horizon and inner structure are unaffected by Bopp-Podolsky modifications.

No evidence of wormhole solutions in the (2+1)-dimensional theory.

Abstract

We investigate the space-time geometry generated by compact objects in (2+1)-dimensional Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics. Inspired by previous studies where the Bopp-Podolsky field acts as a source for spherically symmetric solutions, we revisit this question within the lower-dimensional (2+1) framework. Using a perturbative approach, we derive a charged BTZ-like black hole solution and compute corrections up to second order in a perturbative expansion valid far from the horizon. Our analysis suggests that the near-horizon and inner structure of the solution remain unaltered, indicating that no new non-black hole objects emerge in this regime. In particular, we do not find evidence of wormhole solutions in the (2+1)-dimensional version of this theory.