Constraints on Lorentz-invariance violation in the neutrino sector from the ultrahigh-energy event KM3-230213A

TL;DR

This paper uses the highest-energy neutrino detected to set strict limits on possible violations of Lorentz invariance, a fundamental symmetry in physics, by analyzing neutrino propagation at ultra-high energies.

Contribution

It provides the first stringent neutrino-based test of Lorentz invariance violation using an ultrahigh-energy neutrino event, establishing a new lower bound on the violation scale.

Findings

Lower bound on Lorentz invariance violation scale: ^{19} GeV

Detection of neutrino with energy ~220 PeV

Supports Lorentz invariance at ultra-high energies

Abstract

Lorentz invariance is a fundamental symmetry of spacetime and serves as the cornerstone of modern physics, supporting the constancy of the speed of light. A crucial implication of this principle is that no particle can propagate faster than this universal speed limit. In this study, we present a stringent neutrino-based test of Lorentz invariance, utilizing the highest-energy neutrino ever detected, known as event KM3-230213A. The detection of this neutrino, with measured energy of approximately 220 PeV, allows us to establish a lower bound on the scale of second-order Lorentz invariance violation, quantified as \(\Lambda_2>5.0\times 10^{19}\) GeV at 90 \% confidence level.