Coalescence production of sexaquark with three diquarks in high-energy nuclear collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential production of the hypothetical stable sexaquark in high-energy proton-proton collisions using a detailed coalescence model, predicting yields and spatial parameters to guide future experimental searches.

Contribution

It introduces a two-step coalescence model for sexaquark formation in $pp$ collisions and predicts its yields and spatial properties, providing new theoretical insights for experimental detection.

Findings

Predicted sexaquark yields and ratios in high-energy collisions.

Estimated spatial parameters of diquarks and sexaquark.

Compared sexaquark production with H-dibaryon yields.

Abstract

The coalescence production of sexaquark, a hypothetical stable state with quark content $(uuddss)$, is investigated by the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt s = 7$ TeV. In this work, the compact sexaquark bound state of three diquarks is formed in the final partonic state by a two-step approach, which involves ``diquark" formation via partonic coalescence and sexaquark construction with dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence model successively. The yields, yield ratios, and dependences of spatial parameters (the size of diquark $D_{0}$ and the radius of sexaquark $R_{0}$) of (anti-)sexaquark are predicted. The yields of a hadronic molecule H-dibaryon $\mathrm{H}(\Lambda\Lambda)$ generated in the final hadronic state are also compared. These estimates provide references for future sexaquark searches and other exotic state studies, such as dibaryons.