Engineering and Validating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems: Needs, Status Quo, and Research Trends

TL;DR

This paper reviews the current state, needs, and future research directions for engineering and validating cyber-physical energy systems, emphasizing their role in sustainable, intelligent, and complex power grid management.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges, status quo, and research trends in engineering and validation approaches for cyber-physical energy systems.

Findings

Identification of key needs and requirements for system engineering.

Analysis of current research status and gaps.

Outline of future research trends and activities.

Abstract

A driving force for the realization of a sustainable energy supply is the integration of renewable energy resources. Due to their stochastic generation behaviour, energy utilities are confronted with a more complex operation of the underlying power grids. Additionally, due to technology developments, controllable loads, integration with other energy sources, changing regulatory rules, and the market liberalization, the systems operation needs adaptation. Proper operational concepts and intelligent automation provide the basis to turn the existing power system into an intelligent entity, a cyber-physical energy system. The electric energy system is therefore moving from a single system to a system of systems. While reaping the benefits with new intelligent behaviors, it is expected that system-level developments, architectural concepts, advanced automation and control as well as the validation and testing will play a significantly larger role in realizing future solutions and technologies. The implementation and deployment of these complex systems of systems are associated with increasing engineering complexity resulting also in increased engineering costs. Proper engineering and validation approaches, concepts, and tools are partly missing until now. Therefore, this paper discusses and summarizes the main needs and requirements as well as the status quo in research and development related to the engineering and validation of cyber-physical energy systems. Also research trends and necessary future activities are outlined.