Chip-integrated single-mode coherent-squeezed light source using four-wave mixing in microresonators

TL;DR

This paper presents a simplified on-chip method for generating single-mode coherent-squeezed light using a silicon nitride microring resonator with four-wave mixing, achieving significant squeezing with a straightforward design.

Contribution

The work introduces a single-stage, chip-integrated approach for coherent-squeezed light generation, eliminating complex multi-stage setups and enabling robust, normal dispersion-based squeezing.

Findings

Achieved -4.7 dB squeezing on-chip with potential for -10 dB.

Demonstrated robust single-mode squeezing without suppressing nonlinear processes.

Provided a theoretical model for straightforward squeezing generation at the resonator's injection locking point.

Abstract

Squeezed light constitutes a key resource for quantum optical technologies including quantum sensing, computing, communication and metrology. For many applications the generation of squeezed light typically requires at least two nonlinear optical stages involving careful phase and frequency matching to achieve the required mixing of squeezed and coherent light. In our work, we introduce an on-chip system that simplifies the generation of coherent-squeezed light, utilizing only a single squeezing stage. We achieve this by pumping a silicon nitride ($\mathrm{Si_3N_4}$) microring resonator to produce single-mode squeezed light through four-wave mixing at the same frequency as the pump mode, leveraging the inherent $\chi^{(3)}$-nonlinearity of the $\mathrm{Si_3N_4}$ resonator. Our on-chip system demonstrates a squeezing of -4.7 dB with a clear perspective towards -10 dB squeezing. We also provide a theoretical model that describes the straightforward yet robust generation of single-mode squeezing at the injection locking point of the ring resonator. In fact, we show that a design with a normal dispersion can be used for robust generation of bright squeezed light without the need for careful suppression of unwanted nonlinear processes. Overall, our findings highlight an approach which drastically simplifies the generation of coherent-squeezed light in photonic integrated circuits.