LLMKey: LLM-Powered Wireless Key Generation Scheme for Next-Gen IoV Systems

TL;DR

LLMKey introduces an LLM-based channel probing and a compressed sensing approach to improve wireless key generation efficiency and security in IoV systems, achieving high agreement rates in diverse scenarios.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel LLM-powered channel probing method and a perturbed compressed sensing-based key delivery mechanism for IoV systems, addressing inefficiencies in existing approaches.

Findings

Achieves an average key agreement rate of 98.78% across scenarios.

Reduces channel probing rounds while maintaining channel information.

Enhances robustness and security of wireless key generation.

Abstract

Wireless key generation holds significant promise for establishing cryptographic keys in Next-Gen Internet of Vehicles (IoV) systems. However, existing approaches often face inefficiencies and performance limitations caused by frequent channel probing and ineffective quantization. To address these challenges, this paper introduces LLMKey, a novel key generation system designed to enhance efficiency and security. We identify excessive channel probing and suboptimal quantization as critical bottlenecks in current methods. To mitigate these issues, we propose an innovative large language model (LLM)-based channel probing technique that leverages the capabilities of LLMs to reduce probing rounds while preserving crucial channel information. Instead of conventional quantization, LLMKey adopts a perturbed compressed sensing-based key delivery mechanism, improving both robustness and security. Extensive evaluations are conducted in four real-world scenarios, encompassing V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) and V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) settings in both urban and rural environments. The results show that LLMKey achieves an average key agreement rate of 98.78\%, highlighting its effectiveness and reliability across diverse conditions.